B1 Norwegian GrammarComplex Sentence Structure
Master advanced Norwegian connectors and create sophisticated multi-clause sentences. Learn to use conjunctions like 'selv om' (although), 'til tross for at' (despite), 'så snart som' (as soon as), and others to express nuanced relationships between ideas fluently.
1Concessive Connectors (Although, Despite)
Concessive conjunctions express contrast or unexpected outcomes. Key connectors: 'selv om' (although/even if), 'til tross for at' (despite the fact that), 'likevel' (nevertheless), 'allikevel' (still/yet). The subordinate clause follows standard word order: subject + adverb + verb.
Concessive Connectors
| Norwegian | English | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| selv om | although, even if | Selv om det regner... |
| til tross for at | despite the fact that | Til tross for at han er syk... |
| likevel | nevertheless | Han kom likevel. |
| selv ikke | not even | Selv ikke han forstod. |
Examples
Selv om det regner, går vi ut.
Although it's raining, we're going out.
selv om + subordinate clause
Han jobbet videre til tross for at han var sliten.
He kept working despite being tired.
til tross for at = despite the fact that
Filmen var dårlig. Likevel likte mange den.
The movie was bad. Nevertheless, many liked it.
likevel as sentence adverb
Selv om jeg ikke forstår alt, prøver jeg.
Even though I don't understand everything, I try.
ikke BEFORE verb in subordinate clause
2Temporal Connectors (As soon as, Until)
Temporal connectors specify when actions occur relative to each other. Common ones: 'så snart (som)' (as soon as), 'inntil/til' (until), 'etter at' (after), 'før' (before), 'mens' (while), 'siden' (since). These create subordinate clauses with verb-final position for adverbs.
Temporal Connectors
| Norwegian | English | Example |
|---|---|---|
| så snart (som) | as soon as | Så snart han kommer... |
| inntil/til | until | Vent til jeg ringer. |
| etter at | after | Etter at hun hadde spist... |
| siden | since | Siden jeg flyttet hit... |
Examples
Ring meg så snart du kommer hjem.
Call me as soon as you get home.
så snart = as soon as
Vent her til jeg kommer tilbake.
Wait here until I come back.
til = until
Etter at vi hadde spist, gikk vi en tur.
After we had eaten, we went for a walk.
etter at + past perfect
Siden du spurte, skal jeg fortelle deg.
Since you asked, I'll tell you.
siden = since (causal/temporal)
3Conditional Connectors (If, Unless, Provided)
Conditional connectors express conditions and their outcomes. Key words: 'hvis' (if), 'dersom' (if, formal), 'med mindre' (unless), 'forutsatt at' (provided that), 'i fall' (in case). These conjunctions introduce subordinate clauses with specific word order rules.
Conditional Connectors
| Norwegian | English | Formality |
|---|---|---|
| hvis | if | Standard |
| dersom | if | Formal/written |
| med mindre | unless | Standard |
| forutsatt at | provided that | Formal |
| i fall | in case | Standard |
Examples
Hvis du ikke kommer, ring meg.
If you don't come, call me.
hvis + ikke BEFORE verb
Med mindre det regner, drar vi i morgen.
Unless it rains, we're leaving tomorrow.
med mindre = unless
Forutsatt at alle er enige, går vi videre.
Provided that everyone agrees, we'll proceed.
forutsatt at = provided that
Ta med paraply i fall det regner.
Bring an umbrella in case it rains.
i fall = in case
4Result and Purpose Connectors
These connectors express outcomes and intentions. Result: 'slik at' (so that, result), 'derfor' (therefore), 'dermed' (thus). Purpose: 'for at' (in order that), 'for å' (in order to). Note: 'for å' + infinitive vs. 'for at' + full clause with subject.
Result and Purpose Connectors
| Norwegian | English | Type |
|---|---|---|
| slik at | so that (result) | Result |
| derfor | therefore | Result |
| dermed | thus, thereby | Result |
| for at | in order that, so that | Purpose |
| for å | in order to | Purpose + infinitive |
Examples
Han snakket høyt slik at alle kunne høre.
He spoke loudly so that everyone could hear.
slik at = so that (result)
Jeg var trøtt, derfor gikk jeg tidlig.
I was tired, therefore I went early.
derfor = therefore
Studerer hardt for at du skal bestå.
Study hard so that you pass.
for at + subjunctive-like form
Jeg reiste tidlig for å rekke toget.
I left early in order to catch the train.
for å + infinitive (same subject)