Finnish Grammar for Intermediate LearnersCEFR B1 Level
Master advanced concepts like subjunctive mood and passive voice.
Advance your Finnish skills with B1 intermediate grammar. Learn subjunctive mood, passive voice, conditional sentences, and nuanced grammar rules. Designed for confident learners aiming for fluency in Finnish.
Future Tense
Express future actions in Finnish using present tense with time expressions, or tulla + verb constructions.
Conditional Mood
Express hypothetical situations, wishes, and polite requests in Finnish using the conditional mood with -isi- marker.
Relative Clauses
Connect clauses in Finnish using relative pronouns joka, mikä, and interrogative-relative constructions.
Passive Voice
Form impersonal and passive constructions in Finnish using the passive voice markers -taan/-daan and understand its unique 'we' usage.
Reported Speech
Report what others said in Finnish using että-clauses, indirect questions, and appropriate tense shifts.
Past Perfect Tense
Master the Finnish past perfect (pluskvamperfekti) to describe actions completed before another past event. Formed with the auxiliary olla in past tense plus the past participle, this tense is essential for storytelling and explaining sequences of past events.
Infinitive vs Gerund
Master Finnish infinitive forms and their uses. Finnish has multiple infinitive types (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th) each serving different grammatical functions. Learn when to use each infinitive form and how they differ from the English 'to do' vs 'doing' distinction.
Adverbs & Adverb Position
Learn Finnish adverbs and their placement in sentences. Finnish adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. Many are formed from adjectives using the -sti ending, while others are independent words. Master adverb formation and the flexible but meaningful word order rules.
Genitive Case
Master the Finnish genitive case, which expresses possession and relationships between nouns. The genitive ending -n attaches to the noun stem and is one of the most frequently used cases in Finnish. Learn formation rules, consonant gradation, and the many uses beyond simple possession.
Double Infinitive Construction
Master Finnish verb chain constructions where multiple infinitives work together. Learn how auxiliary verbs combine with main verbs in complex sentences, understand the different infinitive forms, and express ability, necessity, and permission in the past.
Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II)
Master Finnish conditional mood for expressing hypothetical situations, wishes, and polite requests. Learn to form and use the conditional (-isi-), understand conditional sentences, and express politeness in everyday Finnish conversation.
Participial Adjectives
Learn to use Finnish participles as adjectives to create rich, descriptive language. The present participle (-va/-vä) describes ongoing actions, while the past participle (-nut/-nyt) describes completed states. These forms function like adjectives and agree with nouns in number and case.
Two-Way Prepositions
Master Finnish locative cases that distinguish between static location and direction. Learn the six local cases: inessive/illative/elative (inside) and adessive/allative/ablative (on/at), and how they express where, where to, and where from.
Complex Sentence Structure
Master advanced Finnish connectors to build sophisticated sentences. Learn to use vaikka (although), siksi (therefore), joten (so), kunnes (until), ellei (unless), and other conjunctions. These connectors allow you to express nuanced relationships between ideas.