Italian Grammar for BeginnersCEFR A1 Level
Start your journey with basic grammar concepts and simple sentence structures.
Start your Italian grammar journey with A1 beginner lessons. Learn essential Italian grammar rules including basic sentence structure, present tense, articles, and simple phrases. Perfect for absolute beginners with clear explanations and practical examples.
Articles
Learn Italian definite articles (il, la, lo, i, le, gli) and indefinite articles (un, una, uno) with gender and number agreement.
Personal Pronouns
Learn the Italian subject pronouns (io, tu, lui, lei, noi, voi, loro) and how to use them in everyday sentences. Understand when pronouns can be omitted in Italian since verb endings often indicate the subject.
Noun Gender and Number
Understand Italian noun genders (masculine/feminine) and form plurals with the correct endings.
Present Tense
Conjugate Italian verbs in the present tense across the three main verb groups (-are, -ere, -ire) and common irregular verbs.
Basic Word Order
Learn the fundamental Italian sentence structure: Subject-Verb-Object (SVO). Italian is flexible with word order due to verb conjugations, but the standard SVO pattern is essential for beginners. Understand how subject pronouns are often omitted because verb endings indicate the subject.
Negation
Form negative sentences in Italian using non and other negative expressions like mai, niente, nessuno.
Numbers 1-100
Learn to count from 1 to 100 in Italian. Master cardinal numbers for shopping, telling time, giving your age, and everyday situations. Italian numbers follow a logical pattern after 20, making them relatively easy to learn once you know the basics.
Questions
Form questions in Italian using intonation and question words like chi, che cosa, dove, quando, perché, come.
Adjectives
Use Italian adjectives with correct gender and number agreement, and understand their typical placement after the noun.
Basic Questions
Learn how to form questions in Italian using intonation, question words (chi, che cosa, dove, quando, perché, come), and word order. Master essential interrogative structures for everyday conversations.
Possessive Adjectives
Learn Italian possessive adjectives (mio, tuo, suo, nostro, vostro, loro) to express ownership. Unlike English, Italian possessives agree in gender and number with the possessed object, not the possessor. Also learn when to use or omit the definite article with possessives.
Noun Gender
Learn the gender system for Italian nouns. Italian has two genders: masculine and feminine. Most nouns ending in -o are masculine, most ending in -a are feminine. Master the patterns and common exceptions to correctly use articles and adjectives.
Plural Nouns
Learn how to form plural nouns in Italian by changing the final vowel. Masculine nouns ending in -o change to -i, feminine nouns ending in -a change to -e. Also learn common irregular plurals and nouns that don't change in the plural form.
Basic Adjectives
Learn how Italian adjectives work. Adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun they describe. Most adjectives come after the noun, but some common ones come before. Master the four forms: masculine singular, feminine singular, masculine plural, feminine plural.
Time Expressions
Learn to tell time in Italian and use basic time expressions for days, months, and common phrases like oggi (today), domani (tomorrow), and ieri (yesterday). Master the 12-hour and 24-hour clock systems used in Italy.
Common Verbs (essere, avere)
Master the two most essential Italian verbs: essere (to be) and avere (to have). These irregular verbs are used constantly in everyday speech and form the foundation for compound tenses. Learn their present tense conjugations and common expressions.
Basic Prepositions
Learn essential Italian prepositions for location, time, and direction: di (of/from), a (to/at), da (from/at), in (in), con (with), su (on), per (for), and tra/fra (between). Understand how prepositions combine with articles to form articulated prepositions.