Spanish Grammar for Elementary LearnersCEFR A2 Level
Build on the basics with past tenses and more complex structures.
Build on your Spanish foundations with A2 elementary grammar. Master past tense, future tense, comparative forms, and more complex sentence structures. Ideal for learners ready to expand their Spanish grammar knowledge beyond the basics.
Past Tense (Pretérito Indefinido)
Learn the Spanish simple past tense (pretérito indefinido) for completed actions. Master regular -ar, -er, -ir conjugations and common irregular verbs like ser, ir, tener, and hacer.
Present Perfect Tense
Form the Spanish present perfect (pretérito perfecto) with haber + past participle. Use it for recent past, life experiences, and actions with present relevance. Common in Spain.
Possessive Pronouns
Replace nouns with Spanish possessive pronouns (mío, tuyo, suyo, nuestro, vuestro). Learn the long forms that stand alone and agree in gender and number with the possessed item.
Prepositions (Location & Direction)
Master Spanish prepositions for describing location (encima de, debajo de, al lado de) and direction (hacia, hasta). Learn compound prepositions and their use with estar and verbs of motion.
Comparatives & Superlatives
Compare things in Spanish using más...que, menos...que, and tan...como. Form superlatives with el/la más and learn irregular forms like mejor, peor, mayor, and menor.
Modal Verbs
Express ability, obligation, and desire with Spanish modal verbs: poder (can), deber (must/should), tener que (have to), querer (want), and saber (know how to). Learn their conjugations and uses.
Reflexive Verbs
Master Spanish reflexive verbs (verbos reflexivos) with pronouns me, te, se, nos, os, se. Learn common reflexive verbs for daily routines and understand reciprocal actions.
Conjunctions
Learn Spanish coordinating and subordinating conjunctions (conjunciones). Master y/e, o/u, pero, sino, porque, aunque, cuando, and more to connect ideas fluently.
Subordinate Clauses
Master Spanish subordinate clauses (oraciones subordinadas) including relative clauses with que, quien, donde, and noun clauses. Learn when to use indicative vs subjunctive mood.
Object Pronouns
Master Spanish direct and indirect object pronouns (lo, la, le, les, me, te, nos). Learn pronoun placement, how to combine pronouns, and when to use se for double pronouns.
Imperative Mood
Master Spanish commands (el imperativo) for tú, usted, vosotros, and ustedes. Learn affirmative and negative forms, irregular verbs, and how to attach pronouns to commands.
Adjective Agreement
Master Spanish adjective agreement in gender and number. Learn the rules for -o/-a adjectives, invariable adjectives, and special cases like gran, buen, and shortened forms.
Temporal Prepositions
Master Spanish time prepositions: a, de, en, por, para, desde, hasta, durante, hace. Learn when to use each preposition for times, dates, and durations.