Italian Grammar for Intermediate LearnersCEFR B1 Level
Master advanced concepts like subjunctive mood and passive voice.
Advance your Italian skills with B1 intermediate grammar. Learn subjunctive mood, passive voice, conditional sentences, and nuanced grammar rules. Designed for confident learners aiming for fluency in Italian.
Future Tense
Learn to express future actions in Italian using the futuro semplice (simple future). Master the regular conjugation patterns for -are, -ere, and -ire verbs, common irregular verbs, and when to use the future tense versus present tense for future events.
Subjunctive & Conditional
Master Italian subjunctive mood (congiuntivo) and conditional tense (condizionale). Learn to express wishes, doubts, opinions, hypothetical situations, and polite requests. Understand when to use the subjunctive after specific verbs, conjunctions, and in conditional sentences.
Relative Clauses
Learn to create sophisticated Italian sentences using relative pronouns (che, cui, il quale). Understand how to connect clauses to describe people, things, and places. Master the difference between defining and non-defining relative clauses in Italian.
Passive Voice
Learn to form and use the passive voice (voce passiva) in Italian. Understand when to shift focus from the doer to the action using essere + past participle. Master the passive in different tenses and discover alternative passive constructions with 'si' and 'venire'.
Reported Speech
Master indirect speech (discorso indiretto) in Italian. Learn to report what others said using verbs like dire, raccontare, and chiedere. Understand the tense shifts, pronoun changes, and time expression adjustments required when converting direct speech to reported speech.
Past Perfect Tense
Master the Italian past perfect tense (trapassato prossimo) to describe actions completed before another past action. Learn to form it with imperfect of avere/essere + past participle. Essential for storytelling, reported speech, and expressing sequences of past events.
Infinitive vs Gerund
Master the use of infinitives and gerunds (gerundio) in Italian. Learn when to use the infinitive after prepositions and verbs, and when to use the gerund for ongoing actions. Understand the differences between Italian and English usage of these verb forms.
Adverbs & Adverb Position
Master Italian adverbs (avverbi) including formation from adjectives with -mente, common irregular adverbs, and correct placement in sentences. Learn to modify verbs, adjectives, and entire sentences with adverbs of manner, time, place, and frequency.
Genitive Case
Master expressing possession and relationships in Italian using 'di' and its articulated forms (del, della, dei, etc.). Learn various ways to express ownership, origin, material, and other genitive relationships common in Italian.
Modal Verbs in Compound Tenses
Master Italian modal verbs (potere, dovere, volere) in compound tenses. Learn the special rule where modals use the auxiliary (avere/essere) that the main verb would take, and understand the double infinitive construction in complex sentences.
Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II)
Master the Italian conditional mood for expressing hypothetical situations, wishes, and polite requests. Learn to form and use the condizionale presente and passato, understand se-clauses, and express politeness in Italian conversation.
Participial Adjectives
Learn to use present and past participles as adjectives in Italian. Understand the difference between participi presenti (interesting, boring) and participi passati (interested, bored). Master agreement rules and common participial adjective pairs.
Two-Way Prepositions
Master Italian articulated prepositions and their dual use for location and direction. Learn how prepositions combine with articles (di+il=del), when to use 'a' vs 'in' vs 'da', and how verbs determine static or dynamic meaning.
Complex Sentence Structure
Master advanced Italian connectors and complex sentence structures. Learn to use conjunctions like sebbene, nonostante, affinché, a meno che, purché, and nel caso che to create sophisticated, nuanced sentences expressing conditions, concessions, and purposes.